US Officials Defend Aid to Egypt

U.S. officials have defended American assistancegeneral political environment, incarceration of people
programs for Egypt, calling the U.S. relationship with thewhose jailing would appear to have a political
key Mideast ally crucial to stability in the region.motivation, bringing some of the judges who were
In a recent report, the Government Accountabilityinvolved in the review process of the elections into
Office (GAO), the investigative arm of Congress, sayssome sort of judicial scrutiny is also a problem, a
the U.S. government has failed to develop specificcontinued problem with the right of peaceful assembly,"
methods to measure the effectiveness of billions ofhe said.
dollars in aid to Egypt.Welch says Egypt appears to take one step back for
For a long time, Egypt has been second only to Israelevery step forward. What would not help, he adds, is
in the amount of economic and military supportany move by members of Congress to withhold U.S.
assistance, although in recent years U.S. funding hasaid from Egypt which would have negative
also had to address needs in Iraq and Afghanistan.consequences. "I do not support any withholdings. I
Since 1979, Egypt has received about $60 billion inthink on the economic reform side, we have ambitious
military and economic aid, with about $34 billion comingand important objectives that can be facilitated by
in the form of foreign military financing (FMF) grants.E.S.F (Economic Support Funds). On the military side, I
However, as aid has continued to flow to Egypt eachbelieve this partnership is of strategic importance to
year, President Hosni Mubarak and his governmentthe U.S. and withholding anything in that area would
have come under sharper criticism from lawmakershave consequences," he said.
unhappy with the pace of democratic reforms and theThe G.A.O. report says the Defense Department has
treatment of political dissidents.not defined expectations for the modernization of
At Wednesday's hearing of the House Middle EastEgypt's military, and recommends setting benchmarks
Subcommittee, Congresswoman Ileana Ros Lehtinenfor these and other goals to help U.S. lawmakers
cited what she called cosmetic changes by Presidentaddress the question of balancing economic and
Mubarak that she says have ignored fundamental callsmilitary aid to Egypt.
for reform from the Egyptian people.Wednesday's House hearing was cut short by
Assistant Secretary of State David Welch praisedcongressional votes, but not before lawmakers
Egypt's first-ever contested presidential elections lastrenewed criticism of the jailing of Egyptian democracy
year, while noting that parliamentary polls were marredactivist and opposition politician Ayman Nour.
by irregularities and serious incidents of violence.In a letter to President Mubarak, Democratic
He says Washington continues to express concernCongressman Adam Schiff and Republican Frank
about the pace of political reform in Egypt, and specificWolf urge the Egyptian leader to pardon Nour, who
issues such as the postponement of municipalwas convicted on forgery charges, if his appeal
elections and roundups of pro-democracy activists.before an Egyptian court is rejected.
"The problem that we see in 2006 is more in the