Acoustic Shadow During the Civil War

Acoustic Shadow (sometimes called Silent Battle) is abattlefield situation.
strange thing. It is a phenomenon where sound isExamples of Acoustic Shadow During Civil War
unheard close to the cause of the sound, but theBattles:
same sound is heard a far distance away from its- Battle of Gaines's Mill - More than 91,000 men were
source. With a unique combination of factors such asengaged in battle at Gaines's Mill, Virginia on June 27,
wind, weather, temperature, land topography, forest or1862. Confederate commanders and troops were less
other vegetation, and elevation, battle sounds are notthan two miles from the battlefield and could plainly
heard at a distance they normally would clearly besee the smoke and flashes from the guns and artillery,
heard.but not a sound could be heard of the battle for two
The distance the sound is heard may be great, evenhours. Strangely, the battle sounds from the Battle of
hundreds of miles, yet nearby (sometimes mere milesGaines's Mill were easily heard in Staunton, Virginia
away), the sounds are not heard. Battles where theover one hundred miles away.
Acoustic Shadow phenomenon occurred in the Civil- Five Forks - Fives Forks was fought from March 30
War are Gettysburg, Seven Pines, Iuka, Fort Donelson,to April 1, 1865 and was part of the Appomattox
Five Forks, Perryville, and Chancellorsville.Campaign. Confederate Generals George Pickett and
Acoustic Shadow could have a profound effect on aFitzhugh Lee were enjoying a shad bake with other
battle. During the Civil War, it was common for armiesgenerals north of Hatcher's Run when the battle of
to be spread out over large distances and timelyFive Forks began a short distance away. Because of
communication between the split parts of an armyAcoustic Shadow, Pickett and Fitzhugh Lee were
was crucial to battlefield success. Army commandersunaware a fight was under way. Pickett finally
must make decisions based on current knowledge ofresponded, but arrived late for the battle. Pickett and
the situation before them. The sound of a battle wouldFitzhugh Lee have been criticized by Civil War
be a form of communication, signaling to a Civil Warhistorians (please see Lee's Lieutenants, III, 665-670) for
commander and his staff where a battle is takingnot acting on "the dread immediacy of the crisis" (ibid.,
place, and what troops (including enemy) may be665) at Five Forks.
involved. If Acoustic Shadow hides battle action from- The Battle of Gettysburg - The battle sounds from
being heard by a commander, then communication hasGettysburg fought on July 1, 2, and 3, 1863 could be
been lost and dire consequences may follow as theheard over one hundred miles away in Pittsburgh, but
commander does not respond as needed to thewere not heard only ten miles from the battlefield.