| Basics Of Parenting | | | | “whatever” just to make them do the job. Some |
| Today, the one and the only | | | | parents operate with a default mentality. They |
| question that is in the minds of everybody is | | | | give their child what is popular without considering |
| “where are the youth of this generation going?” | | | | whether it will be the most helpful. In actual practice the |
| as the lifestyle and values of the youth is bothering the | | | | parent should be operating deliberately and |
| society to say the least. Though the problems | | | | purposefully, giving the child what is useful after |
| created by the youth and the problems faced by them | | | | carefully thinking through. They are usually known |
| are innumerable, it is not the state of affairs of the | | | | as “intentional parents” 7. Depending on what |
| youth alone that is causing anxiety. The baby on its | | | | kind or type of parents they are, the goals, and gifts |
| way into this world, new born babies and the children in | | | | also change. In the case of permissive parents, |
| different stages of growth also face and cause | | | | the guiding motive will be, “If I can just make it |
| problems. While trying to find the root cause of the | | | | through the child – rearing years, I can get my life |
| problem it is the parents who are blamed for it, most | | | | back”. Their goal will be “jilting the kids out of |
| of the time. Though they are not the sole cause, | | | | the house”. They follow the easiest method of |
| they have a major role to play. Their success in | | | | doing whatever is easy to do. Hence, they use |
| parenting depends on the kind of parents they are, | | | | bribes, threats and use TV as a baby sitter8. |
| their environment, the support from the family, the | | | | On the other hand, those “who |
| possibility of getting trained for parent hood, the level of | | | | want to give the child what will be best and most |
| education, the nature of the child concerned etc.,. The | | | | helpful for him”, will have the goal of preparing the |
| problems, mostly psychological, would vanish with | | | | child for life as a productive adult. They would spend |
| proper parenting. In the early days, people mostly | | | | quality time with the child, imparting ethical values to the |
| lived in joint families. The experience and advice the | | | | child. The gifts given by such parents would be, |
| young parents received from the elders, parents, aunts, | | | | “religious books, enjoyable pastimes, academics, |
| grand parents, uncles, guided them in the process of | | | | home skills and chances for socialization” 9. |
| parenting. The children also had many people to | | | | If a child is to be successful in life, |
| support them, to allow them to vent their feelings and | | | | the appropriate parental care is necessary. But, |
| to learn the probable ways of findings solutions to | | | | of course, there are children who grow up into |
| their problems. | | | | successful adults, in spite of defective parenting. |
| True Story | | | | But such cases are very rare. The society at |
| While talking to a group of | | | | present is facing problems of parenting especially in |
| adolescent girls shocking messages came to light. | | | | the case of single parent, divorced parents, simple and |
| Many of the adolescent girls were having illicit | | | | extended families. Most of the children brought up by |
| relationship with auto drivers with whom they were | | | | single parent and unmarried mothers, find it difficult to |
| coming to school. Deeper analysis brought out the | | | | cope with the pressures in the family and society. |
| fact that these girls were longing for love from their | | | | Parenting Skills: |
| parents. When an iota of love or something akin | | | | With, hectic work schedule of the |
| to it is shown by the auto driver, they easily fall a prey | | | | parents, the heavy load of learning coupled with |
| to the former’s devious designs; of course they | | | | many distractions and the problems faced by the |
| suffer later when they find it difficult to extricate | | | | society, the children are looking for the support of their |
| themselves from the driver’s clutches. Only | | | | parents for a secure life. It is ordinarily observed |
| the parents can help these children. One of the | | | | that parenting without proper foundation has always |
| great, noble traits of parenthood is love and that | | | | and indefinitely led to confusions in child |
| alone can cure many ills faced by the children and | | | | development. What is essential is |
| youth. It can help the girls to retrieve themselves1. | | | | Ø Developing and clarifying clear communicative |
| In yet another instance, a 5 years | | | | expectations. |
| old orphan boy in a care centre for the AIDS infected | | | | Ø Staying calm in the midst of turmoil |
| persons stunned the onlookers by saying that if his | | | | Ø Encouraging positive consequences and |
| father had had proper parenting, he would not have | | | | consistency. |
| gone astray and ended with AIDS, infecting his mother | | | | Ø Being the role model to your child. |
| too2. Even this small lad knows the importance of | | | | Ø Effective praising.10 |
| parenthood. Everyone knows about parenting and | | | | |
| follow the kind of parenting demonstrated by their | | | | To be a successful parent discipline is necessary. At |
| parents or that which they have learnt through | | | | the same time, there should be consistency in |
| courses or training or advice given by psychologists or | | | | whatever the parents are saying and doing, parents |
| gurus. | | | | should have a preplanned, pre-developed strategy to |
| Styles of Parenting: | | | | teach proper behaviour to the child. That is, both the |
| Just as there are different types | | | | parents,or the single parent should make their |
| of human beings, there are different types of styles of | | | | expectations clear to the child. , Both of them can sail |
| parents. The parents’ style influences the level | | | | smoothly while bringing up their child. They should |
| and kind of development of the child. Whatever | | | | be very specific and firm in teaching their children. |
| may be the style of parenting the essentials to be | | | | Moreover, the parents must take into consideration the |
| looked into are, “Express your love, make your child | | | | child’s age, ability, developmental status and the |
| feel secure. Build their self-esteem. Stay flexible and | | | | resources that are available for the family.11 Once |
| recognize the time for change as your child grows. | | | | the expectations are clearly stated, it is necessary that |
| Communicate openly and honestly and be confident | | | | both the parents should communicate it to the child, |
| in your own ability”3. When you talk to your child, | | | | without contradictions. In addition to these, there |
| you should be actually listening not just hearing. | | | | should be frequent family ‘get togethers’. |
| There are different types of | | | | Instead of punishing the child for not abiding by the |
| parenting, such as “Authoritative, Authoritarian, | | | | expectations, it will be better to have discussions to |
| Permissive4”. Parents who are very clear about | | | | clear the child’s doubts and parents being role |
| their role and give instructions with confidence can be | | | | models. |
| considered as Authoritative. The Reader’s | | | | Ray Burke states that |
| Digest Great Dictionary of the English language shows | | | | “Children can be sarcastic, defiant, rebellious and |
| that authoritative means commanding and self | | | | possibly violent, parents have to prepare themselves |
| confident, while authoritarian implies, favoring or | | | | for times like these and learn to keep cool” 12. |
| enforcing strict obedience to authority5. It is similar to | | | | Yet another way to increase or encourage desirable |
| dictatorship. | | | | behavior is to use positive consequences. What |
| Another variety of parenting is | | | | the parents should remember is to use the positive |
| known as permissive. These parents allow their | | | | consequences that would work with the child. |
| children to follow their own path, mostly | | | | While developing a child’s behavior the parents |
| non-interfering. It is similar to saying, “let the | | | | should remember “consistency”. |
| sleeping dogs lie” as they are. These parents | | | | Consistency is the key to being a successful |
| do not want to follow any strict rules or take up much | | | | parent. This gives the message to the child that |
| responsibility in bringing up their children. There is | | | | “your parents are reliable and serious”. |
| another mode of classifying the parents. According | | | | The most important aspect of |
| to this classification, there are three types of parents, | | | | successful parents is that the parents should be role |
| such as Consultant, Helicopter, Dull Sergeants6. | | | | model for their child 13. The parent should be a positive |
| Three Types of Parents | | | | role model for their child to follow. As Ray Burke |
| | | | | say, “Praise is powerful…. Praise is |
| CONSULTANT | | | | nourishment. It helps in the emotional development. |
| | | | | It helps in building up self-esteem, belief of personal |
| HELICOPTER | | | | satisfaction, feeling of security.”14 The praise |
| | | | | should be communicated to the child either verbally or |
| DRILL SERGEANT | | | | through action. |
| | | | | Parenting Skills : |
| This Love and Logic parent provides guidance and | | | | Ø Discipline |
| consultant services for children | | | | Ø Education |
| | | | | Ø Finance |
| This parent hovers over children and rescues them | | | | With the social changes, the extended family that |
| from the hostile world in which they live. | | | | existed earlier, which played the vital role of a model, a |
| | | | | shock absorber, a vent for relieving one’s feelings |
| This parent commands and directs the lives of children. | | | | has become a thing of the past. Hence, the |
| 1. | | | | parents of the modern era have to learn creative |
| The Love and Logic parent provides messages of | | | | ways of bringing up their children. It is found that the |
| personal worth and strength | | | | most important but controversial parenting skills is |
| 1.provides messages of weakness and low personal | | | | DISCIPLINE. Whether the method is, redirection, |
| worth | | | | time-outs, loss of privileges, grounding, extra chores, or |
| 1.provides messages of low personal worth and | | | | sparking, the parents should embrace their role to train |
| resistance | | | | their children to become moral and respectable |
| 2. | | | | adults15. The second skill to be acquired by the |
| The Love and Logic parent very seldom mentions | | | | parents is regarding education. The parents should |
| responsibilities | | | | also be educating their children in moral values. The |
| 2.makes excuses for the child, but complains about | | | | child’s education should take into consideration |
| mishandled responsibilities | | | | certain important facts16:v Family’s financial |
| 2.makes lots of demands and has lots of expectations | | | | status.v Quality of local public and private schools.v |
| about responsibility. | | | | Level of parental education.v Personalities of parents |
| 3. | | | | and children.v Home schooling support and |
| The Love and Logic parent demonstrates how to take | | | | resources.v The involvement of the parents in the |
| care of self and be responsible | | | | child’s education. |
| 3. | | | | Besides education, one of the important parenting skills |
| “takes on” the responsibility of the child | | | | is the effective way of dealing with financial |
| 3.tells the child how he /she should handle responsibility | | | | issues. The demand for expenditure for rearing |
| 4. | | | | the child, medical, hygienic needs etc. are soaring high |
| The Love and Logic parent shares personal feelings | | | | today. Hence, a successful parent should know |
| about own performance and responsibilities | | | | what is essential and what is not before deciding upon |
| 4.protects the child from any possible negative feelings | | | | the expenditure of the limited resources. |
| 4.tells the child how he / she should feel | | | | Conclusion |
| 5. | | | | There is no doubt that children |
| The Love and Logic parent provides and helps child | | | | bring us much joy and much responsibility. Most of |
| explore alternatives and then allows child to make his / | | | | the stress and worry of bringing them up can be |
| her own decision | | | | reduced or removed with proper, careful planning. |
| 5.makes decisions for the child | | | | The parents should plan when to have a child. The |
| 5.provides absolutes : “This is the decision you | | | | working mother, if she is to stay at home, once the |
| should make”. | | | | child is born, should plan earlier to save as much as |
| 6. | | | | possible and cut down the family expenditure. Both |
| The Love and Logic parent provides “time | | | | the parents have to plan to set aside enough time to |
| frames” in which child may complete responsibilities | | | | be with the child, not only when it is a baby, but till the |
| 6.provides no structure, but complaints, “After all | | | | child becomes an adult. |
| I’ve done for you…” | | | | The parents, need not be only |
| 6.demands that jobs or responsibilities be done now | | | | the problematic, should avail of training in parenting skill |
| 7. | | | | as much as possible. First of all, both parents should |
| The Love and Logic parent models doing a good job, | | | | have a congenial and frank communication between |
| finishing, cleaning up, feeling good about it. | | | | them. Only then, once the child comes into the |
| 7.whines and uses guilt : “When are you ever going | | | | family, they will be able to communicate with the child |
| to learn. I always have to clean up after you.” | | | | easily. Further the “ego”, the concept of |
| 7.issues orders and threats: “You get that room | | | | “I” should be relegated to the background. It |
| cleaned up or else…” | | | | is possible that the child becomes sick at times mildly, |
| 8. | | | | at times seriously. Both the parents should take |
| The Love and Logic parent often asks self, “Who | | | | responsibility of looking after the child, not blaming each |
| owns the problem?” helps the child explore | | | | other as the cause of sickness. The child rearing, |
| solutions to his / her problem | | | | though filled with difficulties, hurdles and events that |
| 8.whines and complains about having an irresponsible | | | | test one’s tolerance, is undoubtedly a pleasure. It |
| child who causes “me” much work and | | | | is a joy. A successful parent should know how to |
| responsibility | | | | smile. That will reduce the stress and pain of the |
| 8.takes over ownership of the problem using threats | | | | child. As it grows into adolescent stage, the skills |
| and orders to solve the problem | | | | of the parents should be developed further. They |
| 9. | | | | should know more about the physique, the psychology |
| The Love and Logic parent uses lots of actions, but | | | | and mental development of the child. |
| very few words | | | | It should be remembered that the |
| 9.uses lots of words and actions that rescue or | | | | requisites of an effective parent are dedication, |
| indicate that the child is not capable or responsible | | | | attention, love and constant denial of easily |
| 9.uses lots of harsh words, very few actions | | | | administering swift punishment. Though parenting is |
| 10. | | | | time consuming, the fruits are very attractive. The |
| The Love and Logic parent allows child to experience | | | | future generation and its success depends on the |
| life’s natural consequences and allows them to | | | | effective, successful and cheerful parents of today to |
| serve as the teacher | | | | a great extent. |
| 10.protects child from natural consequences, uses guilt | | | | END NOTES |
| as the teacher | | | | 1. Author’s personal experience |
| 10.uses punishment; pain and humiliation can serve as | | | | 2. Ibid. |
| the teacher. | | | | 3. 10.14.2008 |
| Source: | | | | The Great Dictionary of English Language (Readers |
| One way to identify the kind of parents is by analyzing | | | | Digest Association Limited, London, 2003) p.56, 57 |
| the kind of gifts they give to their children in order to | | | | Three Types of Parents: Love and Logic institute – |
| make them do any specific activity. Some parents | | | | 1981. p.1 |
| have a survival mentality; they give their child | | | | Ibid. p.2. |